Cybersecurity 101: How to Get Into Cyber Security

Author: University of North Dakota
March 13, 2024

Launching a career in cyber security requires a combination of education, certifications and real-world experience, and a commitment to continuous learning in this rapidly evolving field.

In an age where our reliance on digital platforms permeates both our personal and professional lives, the significance of cyber security has become more crucial than ever. According to the IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2023, the global average data breach cost reached a staggering $4.45 million last year. The report further reveals that 51% of organizations plan to increase their security investments in response to the escalating threat landscape.

In light of these alarming statistics, a career in cyber security aligns perfectly with the current needs of our interlinked world. Continue reading to learn how you can enter the field of cyber security and contribute to the strength and protection of our digital future.

What is Cyber Security?

Cyber security, a crucial segment within information technology (IT), focuses on protecting computer systems, networks, software, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, damage or theft. It encompasses a variety of strategies, technologies and practices aimed at maintaining the confidentiality, integrity and availability of digital information.

This field covers a broad spectrum of specialized areas, including network security, application security, cloud security and incident response, to name a few. Cyber security professionals work to identify vulnerabilities, develop security protocols and respond to cyber threats to safeguard individuals, organizations and systems from the potential consequences of cyber attacks.

How to Get Into Cyber Security

Embarking on a successful career in cyber security requires a deep understanding of the field. This level of expertise is typically achieved through a blend of formal education, targeted training, relevant certifications and hands-on experience. Such a multifaceted approach equips aspiring cyber security professionals with the skills and knowledge essential for excelling in this dynamic and critically important area.

Earn a Degree

A key pathway into the cyber security field is through formal education, beginning with undergraduate studies. The Cyber Security degree, Bachelor of Science (B.S.), and Cyber Security minor are tailored specifically for this field. Alternatively, degrees like the Accelerated Computer Science degree, B.S./M.S., also lay a strong foundation for a career in cyber security.

For deeper specialization, the Cyber Security master’s, Master of Science (M.S.), offers a comprehensive program. This program accommodates a broad range of prior knowledge and covers essential topics from vulnerability assessment to insider threat analysis.

Additionally, some master’s programs in cyber security provide specialized tracks, enabling students to focus on specific areas such as ethical hacking, cyber risk management or digital forensics.

Gain Experience

While academic qualifications are critical in laying the groundwork for a career in cyber security, practical experience is equally essential. It arms you with the skills needed to navigate the complex and ever-changing landscape of cyber threats.

Those considering a career in cyber security should proactively seek opportunities like internships, co-op programs, or entry-level positions in IT or security-focused roles. Engaging in real-world situations not only sharpens technical skills but also provides insight into the tactics of cyber attackers.

Additionally, active involvement in cyber security projects, ethical hacking, or participation in security competitions is invaluable. Such experiences not only bolster skills but also demonstrate a commitment to ongoing learning in the field.

Obtain Certifications

Certifications are another crucial aspect of getting into cyber security as they demonstrate expertise and enhance credibility in the field. There are various industry-recognized certifications that validate different skill sets and levels of expertise.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)

The CISSP stands as a globally recognized gold standard certification for cyber security professionals. This certification is particularly suited for those experienced in designing, implementing and managing a security program. It encompasses eight key domains, such as security and risk management, software development security and asset security.

This certification is tailored for seasoned security practitioners, managers and executives relevant to key positions such as chief information security officer (CISO), chief information officer (CIO) director of security and IT director/manager.

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)

The CISM certification is highly valuable for professionals who are involved in managing, designing and overseeing an organization’s information security program. It focuses on governance, risk management and compliance, making it an excellent choice for those aspiring to leadership roles in the cyber security field.

Obtaining the CISM certification not only demonstrates expertise but also leads to tangible career benefits, with about 70% of certified professionals reporting job improvements and 42% experiencing a salary increase.

Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)

The CISA certification program concentrates on various aspects of information systems auditing, control and security. It’s ideally suited for professionals tasked with monitoring, controlling and assessing an organization’s information technology and business systems.

Earning a CISA certification offers significant benefits. Around 70% of those certified report enhancements in their job performance. Additionally, 22% of CISA-certified professionals have experienced salary increases, underscoring the concrete career advantages that come with this certification.

Top Cyber Security Skills

To excel in the field of cyber security, a blend of hard and soft skills is essential. These skills are crucial for navigating the intricacies of cyber security, enabling professionals to effectively counter digital threats. Additionally, they play a key role in communicating findings, strategies and recommendations in a manner that engages and resonates with various stakeholders.

Hard Skills

Hard skills in cyber security are a collection of technical proficiencies vital for protecting digital systems and networks. Key hard skills in this field include:

• Proficiency in identifying system vulnerabilities through simulated cyber-attacks.
• Knowledge of firewalls, intrusion detection systems and secure network configurations.
• Effective response capabilities to cyber security incidents, including skills in threat analysis and containment, risk mitigation and restoring operations promptly.
• Expertise in employing cryptographic techniques to safeguard data and communications.
• Skills in digital evidence investigation and analysis following a security incident, using forensic tools and methodologies for tracing, preserving and analyzing digital artifacts to resolve incidents.
• Competency in conducting penetration tests to uncover weaknesses in systems, networks and applications.
• Proficiency in the design and implementation of secure architectures for information systems.

Soft Skills

Soft skills are crucial in cyber security, supporting effective collaboration, communication and problem-solving. Essential soft skills for cyber security professionals include:

• Communicating complex network security measures clearly to ensure understanding among team members and stakeholders.
• Employing critical thinking to assess and analyze vulnerabilities during simulated cyber-attacks and identify subtle security weaknesses.
• Demonstrating teamwork, vital for successful collaboration in a dynamic security environment.
• Maintaining flexibility in securing data and communications to adapt to evolving cyber security requirements.
• Applying problem-solving skills to address and resolve complex security challenges.
• Exercising ethical judgment, essential in making responsible decisions in cyber security.
• Paying meticulous attention to detail to identify and address the intricacies of security threats and responses.

Cyber Security Bootcamps

Cyber security bootcamps have emerged as a favored option for those seeking the quickest route into the cyber security field. These intensive, accelerated programs are designed to equip individuals with the essential skills and knowledge needed for a thriving career in cyber security. Bootcamps typically provide immersive, hands-on experiences, covering a broad array of topics such as network security, incident response, penetration testing and security architecture.

However, their effectiveness can vary, depending on one’s prior experience and the level of knowledge required. Bootcamps are often suitable for beginners with little to no IT or cyber security background, offering an efficient foundational introduction.

In contrast, those with existing basic knowledge might find more traditional educational methods or self-paced learning more beneficial. Ultimately, the decision to choose bootcamps or other educational paths should be based on individual learning objectives, available time and existing expertise in the cyber security sector.

Cyber Security Salary and Job Outlook

Informed decision-making requires a comprehensive understanding of the potential financial rewards and the future landscape of the chosen profession, and this holds true for the field of cyber security.

Fortunately, the prospects in cyber security are highly promising. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the broader field of computer and information technology occupations, which encompasses cyber security, boasts an estimated median annual wage of $100,530. This figure highlights the lucrative nature of careers within this domain.

Moreover, the job outlook is exceptionally favorable, with overall employment projected to grow much faster than the average for all occupations. BLS anticipates approximately 377,500 new openings annually, highlighting the high demand for skilled professionals in the field of computer and information technology, including those specializing in cyber security.

Conclusion

Whether pursuing a traditional degree, obtaining industry-recognized certifications or enrolling in specialized cyber security bootcamps, staying committed to continuous learning and hands-on practice is key. The ever-evolving landscape of cyber threats demands an agile, knowledgeable and well-prepared workforce.

If you are eager to embark on this rewarding journey, consider exploring our cyber security undergraduate and graduate programs designed to equip you with the skills and expertise needed to thrive in the digital security domain. Secure your future and enroll in one of our programs now.

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