K-12 vs College
For students with a disability there are several differences between the K-12 and the post-secondary academic environment and experiences.
Disability accommodations in post-secondary education are regulated by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) that was utilized in K-12 education to provide IEP support is no longer applicable. Additionally, it’s important students and families understand the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and how it applies to student records.
Differences
1. The Law
- High School: Services are provided under IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act), which focuses on student success.
- College: Services are provided under ADA and Section 504, which focus on equal access—not guaranteed success.
2. The Plan
- High School: Students may have an IEP or 504 Plan created and managed by the school.
- College: There are no IEPs or 504 Plans. Students must request accommodations through student disability resources and engage in our interactive process.
3. Advocacy
- High School: Parents and teachers often speak and advocate for the student.
- College: Students are expected to advocate for themselves and communicate directly with faculty and staff.
4. Responsibilities
- High School: Schools monitor progress, remind students of responsibilities, and adjust supports automatically.
- College: Students are responsible for requesting accommodations each semester, following procedures, and meeting deadlines.
5. Parental Role
- High School: Parents are part of the decision-making team and receive regular updates.
- College: Parents no longer have a legal role. They can encourage from the sidelines, but students manage their own services.
In short, high school special education provides support for success; college disability offices ensure access. Students move into the driver’s seat, and families become their cheerleaders.